To what extent can the films you have studied for this topic be accused of reinforcing rather than challenging stereotypes?
Stereotypes are how a group of specific people are assumed to be or people are prejudice towards because of differences with class or race for example. Throughout the variety of films I have studied, a wide range of stereotypes have been challenged and supported. This helps the story or narrative to become more complex and assists the audience in being a more active audience and helping them to become more involved by challenging how these stereotypes are represented.
Throughout many years of film, especially from the Western side, a classic stereotype is a white man saving the world. In the films I have studied the stereotypes aren't along the lines of white men saving the world but about the working class or immigrants, whether that is on a negative view or not. For example, in 'La Haine,' although our three main characters are all French speaking they are all from different countries living within the projects. Hubert is black so likely from an African origin, Vince is Jewish and Saiid is from the middle east. So, this would mean that the stereotypes exhibited within the film are to do with their race or class, as they are as low as you could possibly get, being immigrants living in the projects, and living there during the social and political state of France at that time caused these 3 men to be looked at as troublesome before anyone met them. A prime example of this is when the trio ventured into Paris city centre in the look for Astrix. But while there they entered an art exhibition, the looks that they received showed that because they weren't from that area and the difference in clothing to the rest of the people that people thought they'd be a nuisance before getting to meet them. Although they did show their true colours after Saiid was rejected by a woman, this was an unfair representation of them, especially Hubert who had set up a gym in order to stay out of trouble and help younger kids also not become part of the gang culture against authority.
Men's stories in general has always been in the limelight and it can be seen that female characters are used in films as second class, purely for the attraction to look at or used as romance to assist with the story's narrative. Because this sexism doesn't always get seen by the naked eye, it's probably the reason that filmmakers create stories ,without women as a first class character, that have any significance. City of God (2002) is a perfect representation of this. Although at the start Angelique has the protagonists eye, Rocket, on her. Because he is so madly in love and wants to impress her, he is put in dangerous situations. Firstly, he is led to a drug den in order to satisfy her, but instead of continuing the romance in the story from here, it helps advances the story down the crime route. Secondly, a female reporter is put in the limelight but negatively. She steals Rockets stories and publishes them as her own before seducing Rocket moments after, meanwhile Rocket is only in his young teens and this could be seen as statutory rape. So, after labelling this woman a thief the film continues to degrade in a way where it can be seen she doesn't have respect for herself but also how she does this with a child.
Monday, 13 March 2017
Wednesday, 8 March 2017
Hacksaw Ridge
Released in 2016, Hacksaw Ridge is a war film following the life of a soldier who wishes not to participate in violence and save lives rather than take lives because of his religious beliefs. Andrew Garfield plays our protagonist Desmond Doss who is a real person and did in fact receive the Medal of Honour, which is the most recognised to be given out and Desmond was the only man to receive this without killing a single person.
Being nominated for various Academy awards Mel Gibson has constructed a breath taking piece with his hands on type of work. There was only one point within the film I will have to criticise. The use of green screen when lowering injured comrades while Desmond was having shots being fired at him. The green screen was too visible, by this I mean you could tell it was there and that is what you call lazy editing.
Other than that I found nothing wrong with the film, it followed a simple linear structure which is simplistic but allows the audience to feel more a part of the film as they watch Desmond's child hood and gain an understanding of why he chose to never be violent. Which was a blow to his brothers head that he threw and it could've been fatal to his brothers life.
The mise en scene within the film was a big factor into its success. The costumes and settings were spot on, this allowed the film to feel more real and especially with me I felt more engrossed in the film because everything looked so real or as a replica to the real war.
Released in 2016, Hacksaw Ridge is a war film following the life of a soldier who wishes not to participate in violence and save lives rather than take lives because of his religious beliefs. Andrew Garfield plays our protagonist Desmond Doss who is a real person and did in fact receive the Medal of Honour, which is the most recognised to be given out and Desmond was the only man to receive this without killing a single person.
Being nominated for various Academy awards Mel Gibson has constructed a breath taking piece with his hands on type of work. There was only one point within the film I will have to criticise. The use of green screen when lowering injured comrades while Desmond was having shots being fired at him. The green screen was too visible, by this I mean you could tell it was there and that is what you call lazy editing.
Other than that I found nothing wrong with the film, it followed a simple linear structure which is simplistic but allows the audience to feel more a part of the film as they watch Desmond's child hood and gain an understanding of why he chose to never be violent. Which was a blow to his brothers head that he threw and it could've been fatal to his brothers life.
The mise en scene within the film was a big factor into its success. The costumes and settings were spot on, this allowed the film to feel more real and especially with me I felt more engrossed in the film because everything looked so real or as a replica to the real war.
White Helmets
White Helmets is a documentary released in 2016 which follows the work done by a group of people that name themselves the 'White Helmets'. They're a volunteering group of men who aim to save lives from the air raids in Syria from Russia as Russia attempt to fight ISIS.
Directed by Orlando von Einsiedel, the filming gives a POV feeling as it follows the group of men enter buildings that have just been bombed as they dig through the rubble in an attempt to save lives or retrieve bodies in order for them to have a proper funeral. Being that is an issue in todays world and the violence is ongoing not just from the Russians but also the attacks from ISIS, it is a real eye opener into why there is such a vast number of refugees seeking a new home and causes me as an audience to feel empathy towards them.
The use of talking heads was vital in order for the documentary to produce more than just shocking scenes and hope to win the audience over from what I would call the action shots. Talking heads can usually come across as boring when over used but for this film it was used at vital moments in order for the emotion from the White Helmet members could be felt from us as an audience. It assists us in giving a better insight of the struggles they face, not just because of the violence but the fact some are raising a family and seeing as they're volunteers how are they meant to raise that family with no income?
Was truly eye opening hearing about something that is on our news through out the day and week but gives a side of the story we would've probably never heard if it weren't for Netflix producing this as many mainstream news broadcasting focuses on the tragedy and deaths.
White Helmets is a documentary released in 2016 which follows the work done by a group of people that name themselves the 'White Helmets'. They're a volunteering group of men who aim to save lives from the air raids in Syria from Russia as Russia attempt to fight ISIS.
Directed by Orlando von Einsiedel, the filming gives a POV feeling as it follows the group of men enter buildings that have just been bombed as they dig through the rubble in an attempt to save lives or retrieve bodies in order for them to have a proper funeral. Being that is an issue in todays world and the violence is ongoing not just from the Russians but also the attacks from ISIS, it is a real eye opener into why there is such a vast number of refugees seeking a new home and causes me as an audience to feel empathy towards them.
The use of talking heads was vital in order for the documentary to produce more than just shocking scenes and hope to win the audience over from what I would call the action shots. Talking heads can usually come across as boring when over used but for this film it was used at vital moments in order for the emotion from the White Helmet members could be felt from us as an audience. It assists us in giving a better insight of the struggles they face, not just because of the violence but the fact some are raising a family and seeing as they're volunteers how are they meant to raise that family with no income?
Was truly eye opening hearing about something that is on our news through out the day and week but gives a side of the story we would've probably never heard if it weren't for Netflix producing this as many mainstream news broadcasting focuses on the tragedy and deaths.
Monday, 27 February 2017
Victoria
Victoria is a German drama released in 2015 which follows a young Spanish woman whom moved to Berlin and meets a group of locals when she's on a night out on her own. But as she thinks the night is about to come to an end she is dragged into a life threatening situation.
Sebastian Schipper wrote and directed this film at a low budget especially for what the film wanted to achieve. The aim was to do the film all in one take and with only having a large enough budget for three attempts and failing twice, it was clinical they got it right the third time of asking. So, because of this factor cinematography was a key micro feature to this film to make it stand out from the rest, this then lead to the 17 awards received and the majority were for the camera work involved. When I first heard the film was only one take I struggled to believe that the shots that it had intact would be as good or give that breathtaking feeling compared to a film with multiple takes and cuts. My assumption was wrong, there were various frames that were of the highest calibur and could capture moments of bonding and friendship between each character, but then the movement of the camera helped me as a spectator be more engrossed in the film and feel like I was in it giving a POV vibe. Adding on the one take made it feel much more realistic, the duration of this film was 2 hours and that meant you were really watching events that all happened within a couple hours which made it seem all the more realistic again.
Talking about the one take leads me into another micro feature that could have been seem inadequate or not up to a satisfactory standard because of the length of it. This is the performance, for the actors such as Laia Costa who played our protagonist Victoria and Frederick Lau who played Sonne, the man Victoria had a short but sweet romance with, meant they showed great stamina in order for them to be performing constantly and consistently.
The link for the trailer is below :
Victoria is a German drama released in 2015 which follows a young Spanish woman whom moved to Berlin and meets a group of locals when she's on a night out on her own. But as she thinks the night is about to come to an end she is dragged into a life threatening situation.
Sebastian Schipper wrote and directed this film at a low budget especially for what the film wanted to achieve. The aim was to do the film all in one take and with only having a large enough budget for three attempts and failing twice, it was clinical they got it right the third time of asking. So, because of this factor cinematography was a key micro feature to this film to make it stand out from the rest, this then lead to the 17 awards received and the majority were for the camera work involved. When I first heard the film was only one take I struggled to believe that the shots that it had intact would be as good or give that breathtaking feeling compared to a film with multiple takes and cuts. My assumption was wrong, there were various frames that were of the highest calibur and could capture moments of bonding and friendship between each character, but then the movement of the camera helped me as a spectator be more engrossed in the film and feel like I was in it giving a POV vibe. Adding on the one take made it feel much more realistic, the duration of this film was 2 hours and that meant you were really watching events that all happened within a couple hours which made it seem all the more realistic again.
Talking about the one take leads me into another micro feature that could have been seem inadequate or not up to a satisfactory standard because of the length of it. This is the performance, for the actors such as Laia Costa who played our protagonist Victoria and Frederick Lau who played Sonne, the man Victoria had a short but sweet romance with, meant they showed great stamina in order for them to be performing constantly and consistently.
The link for the trailer is below :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kp8wcV3GjW0
Friday, 27 January 2017
Don't Breathe
Don't breathe is a thriller released in 2016 and directed by Fede Alvarez. The moving image is about a young trio and how they try making money by breaking into houses and stealing valuables then selling them off. One day the character 'Money,' played by Daniel Zovatto, was tipped off that a blind man who was ex army had over $250,000 stashed away in his house. So, the group felt this was a job they couldn't walk away from. But it all goes wrong for them.
Before watching the film I felt from the trailer that this was a horror but after watching I realised it portrayed all conventions of a thriller, and the film did this so well. I had never watched a film with so much suspense before ever and this film was the least predictable I have watched. I was shocked that the film only had a $9,000,000 considering the money used within the market today but I wasn't surprised it accumulated over $26,000,000 at box office.
For a thriller some of the camera work through out the film was surprisingly really aesthetically pleasing. I would've expected, being a thriller, that the shots would've been rushed and shaky through out but the majority of the time the camera seemed very lined up and steady, as well some frames were very symmetrical and clean.
The mise en scene within this film was very simple due to mainly being in one setting. The setting was very good being in a neglected, dilapidated house that could not be maintained by a blind man on his own.
Below is the trailer for the film:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76yBTNDB6vU
Don't breathe is a thriller released in 2016 and directed by Fede Alvarez. The moving image is about a young trio and how they try making money by breaking into houses and stealing valuables then selling them off. One day the character 'Money,' played by Daniel Zovatto, was tipped off that a blind man who was ex army had over $250,000 stashed away in his house. So, the group felt this was a job they couldn't walk away from. But it all goes wrong for them.
Before watching the film I felt from the trailer that this was a horror but after watching I realised it portrayed all conventions of a thriller, and the film did this so well. I had never watched a film with so much suspense before ever and this film was the least predictable I have watched. I was shocked that the film only had a $9,000,000 considering the money used within the market today but I wasn't surprised it accumulated over $26,000,000 at box office.
For a thriller some of the camera work through out the film was surprisingly really aesthetically pleasing. I would've expected, being a thriller, that the shots would've been rushed and shaky through out but the majority of the time the camera seemed very lined up and steady, as well some frames were very symmetrical and clean.
The mise en scene within this film was very simple due to mainly being in one setting. The setting was very good being in a neglected, dilapidated house that could not be maintained by a blind man on his own.
Below is the trailer for the film:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76yBTNDB6vU
Friday, 6 January 2017
Rust and Bone (2012)
Directed by Jacques Audiard Rust and Bone is a French drama. It displays many themes through out but some of the key ones are family, friendship, love, sex and most of all tragedy.
This eye opening film follows two main characters Ali, played by Matthias Schoenaerts and Stephanie whom was played by the outstanding Marion Cotillard. Both actors put in a tremendous performance to make this piece so eye opening.
It starts with Ali travelling down to Canne where his sister lives so that she can help him look after his 5 year old son Sam. On the first scene we see how the two of them are living in poverty, they start by picking up the scraps of food on the train as they do not have enough money to go and buy there own, before Ali enters a shop and steals what looks like a camera again just to afford him feeding him and his son. Once he arrives at his sisters his sister Anna helps him get a job as a security guard at the local club Annex. This is where the film takes a turning point, as during one of Ali's shifts he breaks up a fight which Stephanie is involved in, before he takes her home. This is one of the first moments that each character displays any sort of power. Simon, Stephanie's boyfriend, sees that Ali was in his flat and questioned why but as soon as Ali spoke up Simon backed off showing the dominance Ali portrays. But this did not mean Ali was the most powerful person at that moment. Stephanie asks Ali to leave as she sees there may be a problem between Ali and Simon, but she didn't beg Ali and nor did he argue why.
After this moment the story follows Stephanie for a couple scenes as we watch her at work, where she is a Orca trainer. But something goes wrong. An Orca misunderstood the instruction and wiped out the stage in the pool, which lead to Stephanie having her lower legs amputated due to the injuries she had.
One of the fantastic scenes is when Stephanie is waking up in the hospital, the absence of sound is key as it is yet to be revealed what has happened to her. The long shot shows the simplicity of the room and the dullness of the room indicates something bad may have happened.
Later on when Stephanie is in her new flat which the insurance is paying for we witness how she struggles to cope and that's what prompts her to call Ali. This leads to their friendship growing as he takes her out of the flat and helps her start living again as he takes her to the beach. When Stephanie feels too embarrassed to go and swim Ali asks 'because no bathing suit?' This shows the masculinity with Ali and shows his power as he teaches Stephanie not to care about how others perceive her. Then once she's in the water and you see the jubilation on her face it is heart warming.
Another moment that power is highlighted is when Ali and Stephanie are talking about sex, she felt powerful when she could dance and said 'she liked to turn men on'. This highlighted how sex was a key theme in the film even without the sexual scenes involved, and that a sexual presence shows power over of people who want them or want to be them.
As the film progresses we watch power shift between the two characters. There is one very key scene which establishes not dominance for either character but the respect they gain. This is after Ali wins a fight and the fighter was bigger and stronger than him. So they all went out to celebrate, now because Ali had been having a sexual relationship with Stephanie she is upset when Ali goes home with another girl from the club as he didn't show any decency towards her. When Stephanie approaches him the next day she sets some ground rules in which Ali has to follow in order for them to continue.
Both characters have such power throughout the film but how they show power is completely different. Ali shows his power physically, he shows off his size, for example as a security guard or when he fights for money. The most significant scene of Ali's power was when Sam fell in the lake and was able to punch through the ice in order to save his son. This also showed the love he had for Sam when even his sister Anna questioned how much he cared. Where as Stephanie is more about how she speaks and controls other people, she was able to shut up Ali and to stop sleeping with other women but also on the fighting scene she was able to take bets on Ali when Martial had to leave, and before her Martial believed that the scene wasn't for women.
Rust and Bone was nominated for 2 Golden Globes and various other words well deserved due to the standard this piece was created. The camera work was sublime and some of the frames shown were just eye-catching I really feel they would've struggled to improve any shot. The mise en scene was impeccable in the way they were able to show how each character lived in poverty. One of the most subtle way the film displayed poverty was how Anna took expired food home to eat that her work were throwing away anyway, to save the money she didn't have to spend. The characters didn't make a big statement about it they just used little techniques like this to show how desperate and tight money was.
This film I would never normally watch especially being foreign, usually it doesn't interest me. But I am glad it was introduced to me because it was really good and eye opening. So, my personal opinion of it as you can probably tell is that I rate this film highly.
Below is the trailer:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg7skcyYolU
Directed by Jacques Audiard Rust and Bone is a French drama. It displays many themes through out but some of the key ones are family, friendship, love, sex and most of all tragedy.
This eye opening film follows two main characters Ali, played by Matthias Schoenaerts and Stephanie whom was played by the outstanding Marion Cotillard. Both actors put in a tremendous performance to make this piece so eye opening.
It starts with Ali travelling down to Canne where his sister lives so that she can help him look after his 5 year old son Sam. On the first scene we see how the two of them are living in poverty, they start by picking up the scraps of food on the train as they do not have enough money to go and buy there own, before Ali enters a shop and steals what looks like a camera again just to afford him feeding him and his son. Once he arrives at his sisters his sister Anna helps him get a job as a security guard at the local club Annex. This is where the film takes a turning point, as during one of Ali's shifts he breaks up a fight which Stephanie is involved in, before he takes her home. This is one of the first moments that each character displays any sort of power. Simon, Stephanie's boyfriend, sees that Ali was in his flat and questioned why but as soon as Ali spoke up Simon backed off showing the dominance Ali portrays. But this did not mean Ali was the most powerful person at that moment. Stephanie asks Ali to leave as she sees there may be a problem between Ali and Simon, but she didn't beg Ali and nor did he argue why.
After this moment the story follows Stephanie for a couple scenes as we watch her at work, where she is a Orca trainer. But something goes wrong. An Orca misunderstood the instruction and wiped out the stage in the pool, which lead to Stephanie having her lower legs amputated due to the injuries she had.
One of the fantastic scenes is when Stephanie is waking up in the hospital, the absence of sound is key as it is yet to be revealed what has happened to her. The long shot shows the simplicity of the room and the dullness of the room indicates something bad may have happened.
Later on when Stephanie is in her new flat which the insurance is paying for we witness how she struggles to cope and that's what prompts her to call Ali. This leads to their friendship growing as he takes her out of the flat and helps her start living again as he takes her to the beach. When Stephanie feels too embarrassed to go and swim Ali asks 'because no bathing suit?' This shows the masculinity with Ali and shows his power as he teaches Stephanie not to care about how others perceive her. Then once she's in the water and you see the jubilation on her face it is heart warming.
Another moment that power is highlighted is when Ali and Stephanie are talking about sex, she felt powerful when she could dance and said 'she liked to turn men on'. This highlighted how sex was a key theme in the film even without the sexual scenes involved, and that a sexual presence shows power over of people who want them or want to be them.
As the film progresses we watch power shift between the two characters. There is one very key scene which establishes not dominance for either character but the respect they gain. This is after Ali wins a fight and the fighter was bigger and stronger than him. So they all went out to celebrate, now because Ali had been having a sexual relationship with Stephanie she is upset when Ali goes home with another girl from the club as he didn't show any decency towards her. When Stephanie approaches him the next day she sets some ground rules in which Ali has to follow in order for them to continue.
Both characters have such power throughout the film but how they show power is completely different. Ali shows his power physically, he shows off his size, for example as a security guard or when he fights for money. The most significant scene of Ali's power was when Sam fell in the lake and was able to punch through the ice in order to save his son. This also showed the love he had for Sam when even his sister Anna questioned how much he cared. Where as Stephanie is more about how she speaks and controls other people, she was able to shut up Ali and to stop sleeping with other women but also on the fighting scene she was able to take bets on Ali when Martial had to leave, and before her Martial believed that the scene wasn't for women.
Rust and Bone was nominated for 2 Golden Globes and various other words well deserved due to the standard this piece was created. The camera work was sublime and some of the frames shown were just eye-catching I really feel they would've struggled to improve any shot. The mise en scene was impeccable in the way they were able to show how each character lived in poverty. One of the most subtle way the film displayed poverty was how Anna took expired food home to eat that her work were throwing away anyway, to save the money she didn't have to spend. The characters didn't make a big statement about it they just used little techniques like this to show how desperate and tight money was.
This film I would never normally watch especially being foreign, usually it doesn't interest me. But I am glad it was introduced to me because it was really good and eye opening. So, my personal opinion of it as you can probably tell is that I rate this film highly.
Below is the trailer:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg7skcyYolU
The Fundamentals of Caring (2016)
The Fundamentals of caring is a Netflix original drama which also displays attributes of a comedy. Some of the themes involved in this film are friendship, family and coming of age.
This beautiful piece which is based on a young man ,named Trevor, whom unfortunately been paralysed since the age of 3. Trevor could never establish a relationship between his carers because of his dark sense of humour, not everyone understood it. One day a man, named Ben, who started being a carer to get a better perspective of life due to the tragic loss of his child was assigned to Trevor. As the film develops the two create such a strong bond that looks unlikely to be broke. They both argue as that's what close friends tend to do but it only brought them closer together. On an occasion their argument gave Trevor finally a motivation and to see the some local 'pointless' landmarks rather than through the television screen. On the way they pick up a couple of hitch hikers and the friendship every one of them creates for one another is truly special.
Rob Burnett was the writer and director of this touching piece of work, it is very similar to films like 'Me before you,' and 'Untouchable,' but he was able to put his own spin on the film and differentiate it from the other two to make it stand out.
I feel Netflix have definitely done a excellent job with this film, some of the camera work produced throughout the film is truly something. The simplicity in the shots through out the film was just what it needed to put the spotlight on the actors who put in a great performance. Trevor was played by Craig Roberts, whom also featured in Wes Anderson's 'Moonrise Kingdom,' and Ben was played by Paul Rudd whom worked in a vast range of work, from the sitcom 'Friends,' to playing a superhero in 'Antman'. These two were seen as our protagonists, i feel it had a multi protagonist storyline.
The mise en scene through out the film was perfect and the lighting. As the film progressed the shots got brighter and brighter as did their clothing. This was suggesting that what our two main characters were looking for was eachother. Both of them gave eachother a new lease of life due to their company, and if you look closely at the start it is dull and bleak but with the progression the setting gets brighter.
One of my favourite scenes is one of the ending scenes, when Ben was able to fulfil Trevors dreaming of to be able to 'piss standing up'. This just cemented their friendship and showed to Trevor that Ben really did care as he listened to the little things, especially as Trevor grew up without a father figure. What also made this scene so very special was the 360 pan we had above the two as they looked over the world's deepest pit, was beautiful.
This film I will strongly recommend.
Below is the trailer:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSXn-lIs4Y0
The Fundamentals of caring is a Netflix original drama which also displays attributes of a comedy. Some of the themes involved in this film are friendship, family and coming of age.
This beautiful piece which is based on a young man ,named Trevor, whom unfortunately been paralysed since the age of 3. Trevor could never establish a relationship between his carers because of his dark sense of humour, not everyone understood it. One day a man, named Ben, who started being a carer to get a better perspective of life due to the tragic loss of his child was assigned to Trevor. As the film develops the two create such a strong bond that looks unlikely to be broke. They both argue as that's what close friends tend to do but it only brought them closer together. On an occasion their argument gave Trevor finally a motivation and to see the some local 'pointless' landmarks rather than through the television screen. On the way they pick up a couple of hitch hikers and the friendship every one of them creates for one another is truly special.
Rob Burnett was the writer and director of this touching piece of work, it is very similar to films like 'Me before you,' and 'Untouchable,' but he was able to put his own spin on the film and differentiate it from the other two to make it stand out.
I feel Netflix have definitely done a excellent job with this film, some of the camera work produced throughout the film is truly something. The simplicity in the shots through out the film was just what it needed to put the spotlight on the actors who put in a great performance. Trevor was played by Craig Roberts, whom also featured in Wes Anderson's 'Moonrise Kingdom,' and Ben was played by Paul Rudd whom worked in a vast range of work, from the sitcom 'Friends,' to playing a superhero in 'Antman'. These two were seen as our protagonists, i feel it had a multi protagonist storyline.
The mise en scene through out the film was perfect and the lighting. As the film progressed the shots got brighter and brighter as did their clothing. This was suggesting that what our two main characters were looking for was eachother. Both of them gave eachother a new lease of life due to their company, and if you look closely at the start it is dull and bleak but with the progression the setting gets brighter.
One of my favourite scenes is one of the ending scenes, when Ben was able to fulfil Trevors dreaming of to be able to 'piss standing up'. This just cemented their friendship and showed to Trevor that Ben really did care as he listened to the little things, especially as Trevor grew up without a father figure. What also made this scene so very special was the 360 pan we had above the two as they looked over the world's deepest pit, was beautiful.
This film I will strongly recommend.
Below is the trailer:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSXn-lIs4Y0
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